Understanding German University System

Confused about how German universities work? Learn about degrees, semesters, exams, and more with this simple guide.

Germany’s education system can feel overwhelming at first. Here’s a simple breakdown:

Credits: Based on the ECTS system — 30 credits per semester typically.

Types of Universities: Universität (research-focused), Hochschule (application-oriented), Fachhochschule (University of Applied Sciences).

Degree Structure: Bachelor (3–4 years), Master (1–2 years), Doctorate (3–5 years).

Semesters: Two semesters — Winter (Oct–Mar) and Summer (Apr–Sep).

Exams: Mostly written, sometimes oral; continuous assessment is less common.